Background: Several surgical reconstructive procedures are introduced to repair a hypospadiasis while post-operative complications have still remained high. Poor tissue handling, anastomotic site ischemia, tension on the anastomotic line, and distal obstruction are suggested as the main risk factors contributing to post-operative complications. This article is the introduction of a simple technical Modification to perform a uniform straight tension free urethroplasty that is supposed to decrease post hypospadias repair complications. Methods: We used a 6F silicon Foley catheter and covered it by a part of 10 F Nelaton catheter at the most distal part of the Foley. To facilitate the covering and uncovering process, weincised the Nelaton catheter in one side through the whole length. We performed a two-Layer closure urethroplasty over our double Layer stent and finally uncovered the Foley catheter, which remains in the bladder as a trans-urethral stent and also for further bladder drainage. ResultsandConclusions: In our innovative method of urethral stenting, wehave suggested to replace the transurethral stent with a tension free lower size catheter easily and safely at the end of procedure, which helps decrease suture line tension and is supposed to improve the local circulation.

In this study, the Surface of polyethersulfone nanofiltration membranes was modified by a nanocomposite Layer containing POSS nanoparticles. The effect of the Surface Modification, on the structure, separation, and other properties of the membranes was checked. Pristine membranes were prepared by the phase inversion method. The surface of the membrane was modified by the dip coating method. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), were applied in membrane characterization. Moreover, Pure water flux, salt rejection, membrane porosity, mean pore size of the membrane, water content, and water contact angle were applied to evaluate membranes. The FTIR results proved the creation of a nanocomposite Layer with the POSS nanoparticles on the surface of the virginal membrane. SEM images confirmed that a new Layer was uniformly present on the surface of the modified membranes. The amount of water content for double-Layer membranes had an increasing trend compared to pristine membranes, also, the results of the contact angle showed a decrease in the surface roughness for the modified membranes then with increasing concentration of glycidyl-pass nanoparticles, that is a hydrophobic substance, went through a decreasing trend. By increasing Acrylic Acid, the porosity was enhanced but after utilizing glycidyl-pass nanoparticles, it showed a decreasing trend. Also, the pure water flux showed a decreasing trend. The rate of return had an increasing trend for the membranes. The addition of glycidyl-pass nanoparticles up to 0.1% by weight resulted in the yield of 59.74% Na2SO4 and 64% for CrSO4.

Background: Bleeding and pseudoaneurysm formation are the dangerous complications of the Bentall operation. We made a simple Modification to the proximal anastomosis in the Bentall operation to reduce postoperative bleeding and false aneurysm incidence. This article presents a review of the early results. Methods: Totally, 171 consecutive patients (126 men and 45 women) underwent aortic root replacement between September 2014 and April 2020: as an elective operation in 130 patients (76. 02%) and as an emergent or urgent operation in 41 (23. 98%). No exclusion criteria were applied. All the Bentall operations during the study period were performed via the same surgical technique. Statistical analysis was conducted with the SPSS 11. 0 statistical software package (SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA). Continuous variables were expressed as the mean ±,the standard deviation and compared using the unpaired 2-tailed t test, and categorical variables were analyzed using the χ, 2 test or the Fisher exact test, where appropriate. Results: The mean duration of cardiopulmonary bypass was 88. 30 minutes, and the mean duration of aortic clamping was 53. 17 minutes. Reoperation was required due to postoperative bleeding in 14 cases (8. 19%). The early mortality rate was 8. 77%, and the incidence of complications was 15. 19%. Conclusions: Our simple Modification, which was the addition of a protection Layer, to the standard technique of the Bentall operation did not significantly increase the duration of cardiopulmonary bypass, and it seemed to have caused a significant decrease in bleeding after surgery and the need for reoperation.

Modification of MnFe2O4@SiO2 core-shell nanoparticles with (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES) was investigated. The magnetite MnFe2O4 nanoparticles with an average size of ~33 nm were synthesized through a simple co-precipitation method followed by coating with silica shell using tetraethoxysilane (TEOS); that has resulted in a high density of hydroxyl groups loaded on nanoparticles. The prepared MnFe2O4@SiO2 nanoparticles were further functionalized with APTES via silanization reaction. For having suitable surface coverage of APTES, controlled hydrodynamic size of nanoparticles with a high density of amine groups on the outer surface, the APTES silanization reaction was investigated under different reaction temperatures and reaction times. Based on dynamic light scattering (DLS) and zeta potential results, the best conditions for the formation of APTES-functionalized MnFe2O4@SiO2 nanoparticles were defined at a reaction temperature of 70 °C and the reaction time of 90 min. The effectiveness of our surface Modification was established by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The prepared magnetite nanostructure can be utilized as precursors for synthesizing multiLayered core-shell nanocomposite particles for numerous applications such as medical diagnostics, drug, and enzyme immobilization, as well as molecular and cell separation.

Tin oxide (SnO2) is used as an electron transport Layer (ETL) in perovskite solar cells with a planar structure due to its good transparency and energy level alignment with the perovskite Layer. The Modification interface of the electron transport Layer and the perovskite absorber Layer plays an important role in the efficient charge extraction process at the interface. In this study, planar perovskite solar cells with configuration (FTO/SnO2/mixed-cation perovskite/CuInS2/Au) were prepared to investigate the effect of UV-Ozone (UVO) treated SnO2 as ETL on the performance of devices. ETL treatment was performed at different times (0 to 60 min). It is shown that surface wetting was improved by UVO treating the SnO2 films prior to deposition of the perovskite Layer. The latter improves the contact between the ETL and the perovskite Layer, allowing more efficient electron transport at the interface. Contact angle, SEM, photoluminescence spectra, and the current density-voltage tests were conducted to characterize the photovoltaic of the cells. The best PSC performance with a power conversion efficiency of 10. 96% was achieved using UVO-treated SnO2 ETL for 30 min, whereas the power conversion efficiency of the perovskite solar cells with SnO2 ETL without UVO treatment was only 4. 34%.